Dans ce cours, tu vas apprendre à choisir entre le
La règle : période terminée ou non ?
Marqueurs du simple past
- yesterday, last week, last summer, in 2010, ago, when I was young
Marqueurs du present perfect
- today, this week, this year, already, yet, ever, never, just
Exemples clés
- She visited Paris last summer. → simple past (terminé)
- She has visited Paris this year. → present perfect (année en cours)
- I saw that film yesterday. → simple past
- I have seen that film. → present perfect (quand ? inconnu)
- He left two hours ago. → simple past (ago = toujours simple past)
For vs Since avec le present perfect
For = durée (how long?) / Since = point de départ (since when?). Les deux s'utilisent avec le
For + durée
- I have lived here for three years.
- She has known him for a long time.
- They have been friends for six months.
Since + point de départ
- I have lived here since 2019.
- She has known him since they were children.
- He has played guitar since last January.
À retenir
- for + durée : three days, two hours, a week, a long time
- since + point précis : 2019, Monday, last January, they were children
- Ne jamais utiliser le simple past pour une situation encore en cours !
- I have studied English for two years. → j'étudie encore.
Dans un récit suivi
Le
Schéma typique
Present perfect → annonce / expérience généraleSimple past → détails / séquence d'actions
Exemples clés
- She woke up, had breakfast, and went to school. → simple past (récit)
- I have just met someone interesting. He was tall and worked as a musician. → present perfect puis simple past
- I have been to New York. I went there in 2022 and I loved it. → expérience puis détails
- The team has won the championship! They played brilliantly last night and scored three goals. → annonce puis récit
- Dès qu'un moment précis du passé est mentionné → simple past obligatoire.
À retenir
Tu maîtrises maintenant le